This document is part of Standard Specifications -- English Units.

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SECTION 416

CHANNEL EXCAVATION

416-1 DESCRIPTION.

The work covered by this section consists of the excavation of any material outside of the pay limits of foundation excavation, unclassified structure excavation, or box culvert excavation, which is classified as channel excavation in the plans. The work shall also include the placing of suitable excavated material as directed by the Engineer.

Excavated materials shall not be deposited, nor shall earth dikes or other temporary earth structures be constructed, in rivers, streams, or impoundments or so near to such waters that they will be carried into any river, stream, or impoundment by stream flow or surface runoff.

416-2 CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS.

The Contractor shall notify the Engineer a sufficient time before beginning the excavation so that measurements may be taken of the undisturbed ground. The existing ground shall not be disturbed without the permission of the Engineer.

Boulders, vegetative material, and any other objectionable material shall be removed and disposed of.

Suitable excavated material shall be utilized as backfill. Suitable material that is not required for backfill shall be used in the formation of embankments, subgrades, or shoulders. When so utilized, no additional payment will be made for utilization of the material under other pay items or for stockpiling the material for use under other pay items. The Contractor shall furnish disposal areas for excavated materials determined to be unsuitable by the Engineer and for suitable materials not required for use in connection with other work included in the contract. In no case shall excavated material be placed in a stream or other body of water.

No excavated material shall be deposited at any time so as to endanger the partly finished structure, either by direct pressure or indirectly by overloading banks adjacent to the operations, or in any other manner.

All excavated material used as backfill shall be placed in accordance with the requirements of Article 410­9.

416-3 METHOD OF MEASUREMENT.

(A) Cubic Yard Basis:

Where the contract calls for channel excavation to be paid for on a cubic yard basis, the quantity of channel excavation to be paid for will be the actual number of cubic yards of materials, measured in their original position within the limits described below and computed by the average end area method, which have been acceptably excavated in accordance with the plans and specifications, or as directed by the Engineer.

The upper limits for measurement will be the actual ground surface at the time of starting work.

The lower limits for measurement will be established by the plans or directed in writing by the Engineer.

No measurement will be made of the following excavation:

1. Mud, muck, or similar semi-solid material which can be drained away or pumped without the use of a jet or nozzle.

2. Excavation made before the Engineer has made measurements of the undisturbed ground.

3. Excavation which is within the pay limits of other excavation.

4. Excavation which is outside of the limits shown on the plans or directed in writing by the Engineer.

(B) Exceptions:

No measurement will be made of any channel excavation where the item of "Channel Excavation" is not included in the contract.

416-4 BASIS OF PAYMENT.

(A) Cubic Yard Basis:

The quantity of channel excavation, measured as provided for in Subarticle 416­3(A), will be paid for at the contract unit price per cubic yard for "Channel Excavation".

(B) Exceptions:

Where the item of "Channel Excavation" is not included in the contract, there will be no direct payment for the work covered by this section.

Payment at the contract unit or lump sum prices for the various items in the contract will be full compensation for the work covered by this section.

(C) Compensation:

The above prices and payments will be full compensation for all work covered by this section including but not limited to excavation, draining, diversion of water, pumping, blasting, hauling, disposal of materials, and backfilling.

(D) Pay Items:

When provided for in the contract, payment will be made under:

Channel Excavation Cubic Yard